The mechanism by which Spirulina excretes microplastics mainly relies on its unique biological structure and chemical composition, especially its fiber, adhesive substances and polysaccharide components. The following are the main mechanisms by which Spirulina excretes microplastics:
1. Adsorption
The cell wall of Spirulina contains polysaccharides and fiber components, which have strong adsorption capacity. Studies have shown that Spirulina can bind to microplastic particles through these adhesive properties. The polysaccharides in Spirulina (such as spirulin and algin) can interact with the surface of microplastics to form complexes. These complexes can help remove microplastics from the body.
2. Excretion through the digestive system
When Spirulina enters the body through consumption or supplementation, its fiber and polysaccharide components begin to bind to microplastic particles in the intestines. Due to the surface charge of microplastics and the affinity of Spirulina cell walls, microplastic particles can be excreted from the body through the intestinal tract and the complex formed by Spirulina. Spirulina is not completely digested and absorbed, so it can act as a "carrier" to smoothly excrete microplastics along with other waste in the body.
3. Cleansing effect of fiber and polysaccharides
The dietary fiber and polysaccharides in Spirulina not only help intestinal peristalsis and improve constipation problems, but also promote the cleansing effect in the intestines. They enhance the detoxification function of the intestines by binding to microplastics. This makes spirulina not only helpful in removing microplastics from the body, but also other environmental pollutants and toxins to a certain extent, promoting intestinal health.
4. Antioxidant effect reduces the negative impact of microplastics
Once microplastics enter the body, they may cause oxidative stress and cause cell damage. Spirulina is rich in antioxidants (such as beta-carotene, chlorophyll and astaxanthin), which can neutralize the free radicals produced by microplastics in the body, thereby reducing the potential damage of microplastics to cells and tissues. Although spirulina mainly excretes microplastics by adsorption, its antioxidant properties can also reduce the impact of microplastics on health.
5. Increase the body's detoxification ability
Another important function of spirulina is to enhance the body's overall detoxification ability. Spirulina can activate the detoxification mechanisms of the liver and kidneys, helping to accelerate the removal of harmful substances in the body. By enhancing the detoxification capacity of these organs, spirulina can assist in the excretion of microplastics and reduce their accumulation in the body.